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TJ MGG Lee San Choon dan Kajian Sejarah By Marhain Tua 30/9/2000 9:55 am Sat |
MGG88 Lee San Choon dan Kajian Sejarah
(MGG: Lee San Choon And The Rewriting Of History)
Ketika UMNO dan masyarakat Cina masih lagi bercakaran
mengenai perakara kesetiaan, tiba-tiba bekas presiden MCA
telah merodok sarang tebuan pula. Perdana Menteri pernah
menuduh sebuah pertubuhan Cina sebagai pro komunis
sedangkan MCA dan Gerakan tidak pun mampu menyanggah
persatuan itu. Kini, Tan Sri Lee San Choon dikatakan telah
bersuara lantang ketika diinterbiu oleh Newsweek keluaran
Bahasa Mandarin, bagaimana UMNO telah menikamnya daripada
belakang setelah beliau berjaya membuktikan betapa MCA
mempunyai sokongan padu orang Cina. Perkara itu telah
dibuktikannya dengan bertanding di Seremban menentang
pengerusi DAP di pemilu 1982 yang lalu. Dia telah menang.
Tentunya kemenangan itu satu bukti yang MCA masih menerima
sokongan masyarakt Cina. Pendapat Lee San Choon itu, kurang
tepat dalam hal ini. Namun, kenyataannya itu telah menarik
perhatian yang luar biasa. Beberapa pemimpin kanan UMNO
telah menonjolkan diri untuk menyanggah kenyataan Tan Seri
Lee itu. Sekaligus ia melencongkan perhatian terhadap
perbalahan terkini mengenai had penyertaan orang bukan
Melayu dalam penyertaan politik mereka dan setakat mana
pula mereka boleh berusaha untuk membetulkan suasana
politik yang kini menghantui UMNO. Pandangan yang sungguh
jelas menyanggah pendapat Lee San choon itu telah datang
daripada Tan Sri Abdullah Ahmad yang memang suka
membakulkan diri sendiri (sambil menulis) dan merobah
catatan sejarah. Dia pernah berkata betapa Tan Sri Lee San
Choon pernah merupakan seorang "Young Turks" yakni mudah
resah gelisah dan sukar untuk dilenturkan. Namun demikian
Tan Sri Lee adalah seorang ahli politik muda yang
bersekongkol dengan satu kumpulan tua sejak beliau aktif
dalam MCA. Kumpulan muda ketika MCA menghadapi cabaran
pemilu 1969 dulu adalah pemimpin seperti Dato Seri Lim
Kheng Yaik, Dato Seri Paul Leong, dan mendiang Tan Sri Alex
Lee . Peranan utama Tan Sri Lee San Choon ketika itu ialah
memusnahkan kerjaya poltik tokoh muda itu laksana peranan
yang dimainkan oleh Rasputin, dengan menyorok di belakang
mendiang Tun Tan Siew Sin, yang ketika itu menjadi presiden
MCA. Tindak-tanduk inilah yang telah meminggirkan MCA
daripada arus kemaraan politik orang Cina. Para pemimpinnya
kini hanya mampu menang pemilu dengan sokongan orang Melayu
yang dulu bersatu mengundi mereka sebagai sokongan terhadap
Barisan Nasional. MCA telah kehilangan kepercayaan masyarakat Cina,
sehinggakan Tun Dr. Ismail yang ketika itu menjadi
timbalan perdana menteri menganggap parti itu sebagai rumput
di tepi jalan sahaja. Kekurangan daya congak seperti yang
dipamerkan ketika berakhirnya pemilu 1999, di mana MCA
mahukan jawatan ketua menteri diberikan kepadanya kerana
tidak ada sesiapa lagi yang meminati jawatan itu
menyebabkan peranan MCA dalam Barisan Nasional menjadi
semakin menguncup. Begitulah keadaannya apabila Gerakan
Rakyat Malaysia menubuhkan kerajan negeri selepas pemilu
1969 dulu dan meransang kemasukan kumpulan muda MCA untuk
menganggotai parti itu dan menjadi suara alternatif di
kabinet yang memperjuangkan masalah orang Cina. Inilah
yang memperakukan kemerosotan pengaruh MCA itu di kalangan
masyarakat Cina walaupun Tan Sri Lee San Choon berjaya
mengalahkan DAP pada 1982 dulu. Kemenangan itu tidak dapt
merobah keadaan kerana MCA memang berupaya berelanja besar
untuk memenangi sesuatu kalau kemenangan itu diperlukan
sangat. Tidak ada perubahan yang berlaku.
Kalaulah presiden MCA yang ada sekarang, Dato Seri Ling
Liong Sik mencuba kaedah itu, ia hanya akan mengingatkan
rakyat Malaysia akan sesuatu yang memang sudah lama
dipraktikkan sejak tiga dekad yang lalu. Inilah caranya MCA
sebagai rakan kongsi UMNO dalam Barisan Nasional mampu
memenangai sesuatu kerusi pilihanraya itu kalau UMNO
mengizinkannya. Dr. Ling sendiri pun terus mengekalkan
jawatannya sebagai presiden MCA kerana UMNO mahukannya di
situ. Tan Sri Lee San Choon memang rapat dengan Tengku Razaleigh.
Kerana itu dia terpaksa mananggung bebanannya dan terpaksa
meletakkan jawatannya. Tidak timbul perkara UMNO
menikammnya daripada belakang. Dia sendiri tersilap congak
siapakah yang sepatutnya menjadi presiden UMNO dan kerana
itu terpaksa menanggung kesilapannya itu. Dia terpaksa
pergi. Pemimpin MCA pun telah membuat keputusan bahwa
mereka tidak boleh mempunyai seorang ketua yang menyokong
musuh politik seorang perdana menteri. Tindakan itu
bukannya bererti mereka mendapat sokongan padu masyarakat
Cina. Cuma, apabila ketandusan pilihan mereka terpaksa
mengenepikan pemimpin mereka kalau tidak mahu kehilangan
kontrak bear yang lumayan. Parti politik bukan-Melayu yang mengagnggotai Barisan
Nasional dapat bertahan, terutama sekali selepas peristiwa
Mei 1969, dengan menghancurkan hubungan dengan masyrakat
mereka sendiri seandainya hubungan baik di antara pemimpin
mereka dan UMNO tergugat. Memang kita sukar memahami
bagaimanakah pemimpin MCA mudah sangat mensabotaj diri
sendiri setiap kali meraka suah hampir berjaya melakuakan
sesuatu yang berfaedah. Inilah yang membuatkan kita mudah
meragui kenyataan Tan Sri Lee bahawa MCA mempunyai sokongan
besar masyarakat Cina. Apabila Dr. Mahathir menduduki kerusi perdana menteri pada
1981, kecermelangan kerjaya politik Tan Sri Lee pun menjadi
malap. Apatah lagi apabila Tan Sri Rasaleigh sedang
bersiap sedia menandingi jawatan presiden UMNO yang
dipegang oleh Dr. Mahathir itu, selepas jawatan timbalan
presiden diberikan kepada Dato (kini Tan Sri) Musa Hitam.
Ketika itu MCA saear, kalau Lee bererusan menjadi presiden
MCA, mereka akan merasakan bahana dendam kesumat seorang
perdana menteri. Kerana itu Lee terpaksa angkat
punggungnya. Inilah paradoksnya bagaimana Lee telah
tersilap arah ketika menikmatai kemenangan di di Seremban
dalam pemilu 1982 yang lalu. >>>>>>>>>>>>Diterjemahkan oleh -MT-<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<
Rencana Asal: Lee San Choon And The Rewriting Of History
The former MCA president, Tan Sri Lee San Choon, disturbs a hornet's nest
within the current dispute between UMNO and the Chinese community over
loyalty. The Prime Minister accuses an important Chinese pressure group,
of being pro-communist, and neither the MCA nor Gerakan challenges it.
Tan Sri Lee alleges in an interview with the Chinese edition of Asiaweek
that UMNO stabbed him in the back after "proving" to UMNO the MCA had
Chinese support. He did that, he insists, by standing against the DAP's
then national chairman, Dr Chen Man Hin, in the latter's Seremban
parliamentary constituency in the 1982 general election. He won.
Therefore, he proved to UMNO the MCA had Chinese support to continue to
represent them. Flawed though his logic is, his statement attracts more
than unusual attention. Senior UMNO leaders rush to deny his version of
events. It diverts attention from the current dispute about the limits of
non-Malay political participation, how far it could push the boundaries of
political correctness especially when UMNO itself is caught in a political
maelstrom. The most articulate anti-Lee San Choon view comes from Tan Sri
Abdullah Ahmad, who puts his own gloss which rewrites history. He says
Tan Sri Lee was a "Young Turk". Young though he was, he was with the
party's old guard from the very beginning. The Young Turks in the MCA at
the time of the 1969 General Elections were men like Dato' Seri Lim Kheng
Yaik, Dato' Seri Paul Leong, the late Tan Sri Alex Lee. Tan Sri Lee's
singular role was to destroy them politically by being the Rasputin behind
the then MCA president, the late Tun Tan Siew Sin -- a move which
accelerated the MCA's march to marginalisation in Chinese politics. Its
leaders return to elected office from mixed constituencies, where the
Malay usually voted solidly with the National Front.
The MCA lost its raison d'etre with the Chinese community then, one
which led to then deputy prime minister, the late Tun Dr Ismail Abdul
Rahman, to characterise it as neither dead nor alive. Its miscalculations
-- reminiscent of its present miscalculations after the 1999 general
elections when it wanted to have its candidate nominated as chief minister
of Penang, when none of the others wanted it to -- in which Tan Sri Lee
played a prominent part, led to MCA's political irrelevance in the larger
National Front setup, especially when the then opposition Gerakan Rakyat
Malaysia formed the state government in Penang after the 1969 general
elections, and the MCA Young Turks moved to it, and became the alternate
Chinese voice in the cabinet. It accepted the MCA's declining support
within the Chinese community, one Tan Sri Lee's election win in Seremban
could not reverse in 1982. As it is, that election proved nothing but
that when required the MCA could muster cash and people to win an election
it must win. Nothing changed. If the current MCA president, Dato' Seri
Ling Liong Sik, were to try a stunt like that, it would only prove
something Malaysians had known for three decades: that the MCA, by
allowing itself to be an appendage of an UMNO worldview in the National
Front, is there as Chinese representatives because UMNO wants it to. Dr
Ling himself remains MCA president because UMNO wants him to.
Within UMNO itself, after Tun Abdul Razak's unexpected death in
January 1976, there was no clear cut successor. Tun Razak had, as Tan Sri
Abdullah, points out in his New Straits Times column "On The Record" (NST,
26 September 00, p12), identified a brood of politicians who could take
over from him. Amongst them were Dr Mahathir, Tengku Razaleigh, Dato'
Musa Hitam, Tun Ghafar Baba. Indeed, if Tengku Razaleigh had joined the
cabinet, instead of continuing to head Petronas and Bank Bumiputra
Malaysia Berhad, after the 1974 general elections, he would have been
deputy prime minister under Tun Hussein. But he miscalculated. He was
not an outsider. The outsider was Tan Sri Ghazali Shafie, the then home
minister. When Tun Hussein wanted him as deputy prime minister, the three
UMNO vice presidents -- Ghafar Baba, Tengku Razaleigh, Dr Mahathir -- in a
demarche said none would serve if one of them was not appointed deputy
prime minister. Only the three said they would not serve, not as Tan Sri
Abdullah insists the UMNO Supreme Council. Ghafar was not considered,
Tengku Razaleigh was not in the cabinet, leaving only Dr Mahathir, who
was. This was done in anti-Hussein surroundings, in the fallout from the
Selangor mentri besar, Dato' Harun Idris's arrest for corruption, with his
backers accusing close aides of Tun Razak as being pro-communist. This
led to Tan Sri Abdullah's detention under the Internal Security Act for
five years. But that is another story.
Tan Sri Abdullah is right when he suggests Tan Sri Lee and the MCA
president preferred Tengku Razaleigh to Dato Seri Mahathir Mohamed as UMNO
deputy president and therefore deputy prime minister after Dato (later
Tun) Hussein Onn became Prime Minister in 1976 after Tun Abdul Razak
Hussein died in London. He was close to Tengku Razaleigh, and he paid the
price by being forced to resign. There was no question that UMNO stabbed
him in the back. He miscalculated in his support for who should be UMNO
president and paid dearly. He had to go. The MCA leaders themselves
decided it could not have as president one who backed the Prime Minister's
rival. That they did underlines not that the MCA has Chinese support but
when the crunch comes, they had no choice but to kill their leader for
putting lucrative contracts at risk. The non-Malay parties in the
National Front survive, especially after the 1969 riots, by destroying
their own standing with their communities if their leader's links with the
UMNO president suffers. The MCA leaders' ability to shoot themselves in
the foot when everything works in their favour is uncanny. It also makes
Tan Sri Lee's claim the MCA had Chinese support even more questionable.
When Dr Mahathir became Prime Minister in 1981, Tan Sri Lee's political
career had come to an end, especially when Tengku Razaleigh prepared to
challenge Dr Mahathir for the UMNO presidency after Dato' (now Tan Sri)
Musa Hitam was appointed deputy prime minister. The MCA realised that
with Tan Sri Lee as their leader, it would suffer at the hands of a
vindictive Prime Minister. So, he had to go. That paradoxically proved
how misguided Tan Sri Lee was at his victory in Seremban in the 1982
general elections. M.G.G. Pillai |